Like many dental practices today, our office sends an email request for patients to leave comments about their visit to our office. Most comments are positive, for which we are grateful. However, all comments are helpful to the business to understand what patients are thinking. If one person is thinking it, most likely there are others.

We recently received the following comment on our website from a patient who was in to see the hygienist:

“My hygienist is always very pleasant, conversational and professional in her services. However, I can do without the constant sales pitch to buy an electric toothbrush from your office. There is no evidence that an electric is any better than a good, manual 2-minute brush, and I don’t have any arthritis or dexterity issues.”

I really appreciate feedback from patients like this. Your own dental office would too. In my response to the patient, I explained that I didn’t like the fact that the patient had the feeling he was trying to be sold something. For the patient to feel that the only benefit was monetary to our office means the communication was inadequate, especially because we don’t make any profit.

We keep our preference of electric toothbrushes in stock for convenience and cost savings for the patient. The shared benefit for the seller and buyer is improved health. Most dental offices are not selling electric toothbrushes to make money.

Back in the beginning of my professional career, I was an advocate of the manual toothbrush. I was convinced that anyone could get the same results with a manual toothbrush, compared with any electric/power toothbrush. It wasn’t until I actually tried a power toothbrush, and stuck with it, that I was convinced there was s distinct difference.

It is now common practice for us, and likely most dental practices, to ask patients if they use a manual toothbrush or an electric toothbrush. When we ask this question, we have also found that it is just as important to ask what kind of power toothbrush is used. One that sits in a charger is far more effective than one that you put batteries in, though it does cost more.

There have been numerous studies that have compared the effectiveness of both rotating and sonic power toothbrushes. Recently, 131 individuals participated in a study; 65 randomly assigned to the oscillating/rotating group and 66 to the sonic group. Prior to the study, 63% and 58% were manual toothbrush users, respectively. Each participant brushed twice daily during a four-week period using their assigned powered toothbrush and a standard toothpaste.

Researchers graded effectiveness of their plaque removal using a specific plaque-grading index. While both groups showed significant improvement when compared to manual brushing, the oscillating/rotating brush was better. 97% of the oscillating/rotating group saw a reduction in whole-mouth plaque, compared with 64% of the sonic participants.

“The current study demonstrated superior plaque reductions with an advanced oscillating/rotating power brush compared to a novel sonic brush, corroborating previous studies demonstrating the superiority of oscillating-rotating power brushes relative to sonic brushes,” the researchers concluded.

While using a manual toothbrush can be effective, it is clear based on this study and others, that a good quality power toothbrush is better. It’s time to change if you still use a manual brush.

Dr. St. Clair maintains a private dental practice in Rowley and Newburyport dedicated to health-centered family dentistry. If there are certain topics you would like to see written about or questions you have please email them to him at jpstclair@stclairdmd.com.

Last week I discussed clenching, which is vertical force put on teeth. Grinding or bruxism is lateral (excursive) forces put on teeth that cause teeth to rub together and wear. Both of these are very destructive to teeth, joints, and muscles.

Some people present with symptoms relating to these two issues, but more often than not, people do not have symptoms. We dentists know that patients who present with signs of tooth wear are riskier to treat. Riskier because the “issues” are often times, and maybe even most often, not treated. This is a significant reason for tooth structure breakdown and shorter life-span dental work.

There are many reasons people grind or clench their teeth. Sometimes these problems are preventable with simple lifestyle changes, and other times they need more aggressive treatment because they are coming from the central nervous system. They can also be caused by certain medications.

In today’s world, everyone is being pushed to their limits in just about every aspect that you can imagine. More is demanded with fewer resources and less time. All this becomes a source of stress, anxiety, and even depression for the population as a whole.

This “epidemic” of depression and anxiety spurred the development of newer medications with fewer side effects to help manage these conditions, and hence, the SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) were born in 1988. Since then, recent reports show that the use of the SSRIs (i.e. Paxil, Zoloft, Prozac, Celexa, Effexor, etc.)  has increased more than 400 percent!

Dentists see the signs of clenching and/or grinding of the teeth on a regular basis, and some of it is the result of stress and anxiety. But another factor to keep in mind is that patients are now taking more anti-anxiety and antidepressants than ever before in history. It is often overlooked, but the SSRIs and even some of the SSNRIs (Selective Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors) often increase bruxism or clenching and grinding effects at night.

This can lead to an increased frequency of headaches, jaw pain and other symptoms of clenching/grinding. In my own practice, I have seen many patients who have presented with increased frequency and intensity of symptoms shortly after starting on these medications. I have found that sometimes a change in medication or reduction in the dosage with the help of the prescribing medical doctor can help, but sometimes there seems to be little to no improvement.

In recent studies, there is support for a theory of how these medications cause an imbalance in the brain, leading to a drug-induced bruxism that sometimes does not go away with a decrease or cessation of the medication and may even require other medications to help alleviate the bruxism.

So, if you are on any of these medications, the next time you see your dentist you should ask if you have any signs of tooth wear. And, by all means, if you are having any symptoms that you do not feel are normal, you should bring those up too.  If your dentist can show you pathological tooth destruction, you might want to keep in mind that not treating the underlying cause may contribute to unwanted future dental issues.

Dr. St. Clair maintains a private dental practice in Rowley and Newburyport dedicated to health-centered family dentistry. If there are certain topics you would like to see written about or questions you have please email them to him at jpstclair@stclairdmd.com. You can view all previously written columns at www.jpeterstclairdentistry.com/blog.

Of the many issues that this pandemic is causing, stress may be at the top of the list. Dentists are seeing a sizable increase in patients complaining of symptoms of joint, muscle and/or tooth pain directly associated with an etiology of grinding and/or clenching.

Although methods of relaxation are important to get through the stresses of life, it may not be enough to prevent symptoms in the TMJ, muscles and teeth, especially in the subconscious (i.e. sleeping). Many times, patients are aware of the symptoms, but don’t realize the origin of the problem.

Studies have shown a link between tooth grinding, clenching and headaches. For people who grind or clench, the muscles that open and close the jaw can become painful from overuse, causing a range of symptoms from tension to migraine headaches to jaw joint (TMJ) problems to tooth pain.

Bruxing (grinding) and clenching teeth is defined as abnormal tooth contact (parafunction). Ordinarily, teeth are in contact while eating and swallowing, only about 10 to 15 minutes on a daily basis. People who grind or clench their teeth during the day, or while sleeping, can have their teeth in contact for as much as six hours a day or more. Researchers say that one night of grinding is equivalent to 80 days of normal wear.

Clenching can be just as bad, and in some cases worse than grinding. The average person puts about 200 lbs. of force on back molars during function but a person who clenches can put up to 1000 lbs. on the molars. This is a lot of force for the teeth to withstand. Fractured teeth are seen on a regular basis in dental offices due to clenching.

The American Dental Association estimates that 95 % of the American population suffers from a grinding or clenching problem at some point in their lives. Some people do so much damage over time that to restore their teeth back to normal function takes a significant amount of dentistry. The key is early diagnosis and treatment.

Many patients do not realize, or refuse to accept the fact that there is a problem. Many do not have symptoms. The dentist may mention wear and that usually ends the conversation. Or a person may have symptoms, such as a tooth that is sensitive to chewing. That can be fixed, but how often is the question of “why” is this happening come up? The masticatory system is a very adaptive and forgiving system. However, lack of symptoms does not mean there are no problems. Intervention can help prevent problems in the future.

Therefore, successful therapy starts with acceptance of the pathology present. In addition to behavior modification, nighttime bite splints can be very effective. They should be worn every night, not just when it “seems” like you have been grinding or clenching. There are many types of nightguards for different problems. Over-the-counter appliances are not recommended and can be dangerous to use. Some types of nighttime appliances can be extremely effective in treating people who suffer from headaches due to clenching.

Headaches are only one of the symptoms associated with clenching. Everything from sore muscles, sensitive teeth, worn teeth, broken teeth, and sore joints can be caused by clenching. Ask your dentist whether you have any of the signs associated with grinding or clenching. Treatment can be easy, relatively inexpensive, and save you from potential future problems.

Dr. St. Clair maintains a private dental practice in Rowley and Newburyport dedicated to health-centered family dentistry. If there are certain topics you would like to see written about or questions you have please email them to him at